How do teachers actually check for AI in essays?

Curious how teachers actually check for AI use beyond just running a detector tool. I feel like there’s more to it than just plugging text into Turnitin or GPTZero.

I’ve heard some teachers compare writing style against earlier assignments or ask follow-up questions in class to see if students can explain their own reasoning. Asking partly out of curiosity and partly because I want to understand what’s actually being evaluated before I submit anything.

Automated tools are common but most experienced teachers I know use them as one input, not the whole process. Style comparison against a student’s earlier work is genuinely common, especially for anyone who’s been flagged once already.

The verbal follow-up thing is real too, especially in smaller classes or with TAs who actually know their students’ writing. Asking someone to explain their own argument in a five minute conversation is hard to fake if you didn’t actually engage with the material.

From a lecturer’s perspective: detector scores plus a holistic read of whether the argument actually develops coherently across the paper. AI output sometimes states a thesis and then doesn’t really build on it the way a human writer naturally would when they’re actually thinking through a problem.

Worth knowing this varies a lot by institution and individual instructor. Some departments have very codified detection processes, others leave it entirely to the professor’s judgment, which can mean wildly inconsistent standards within the same university.

From a research angle: human evaluators (trained teachers specifically) are actually decent at spotting certain AI tells that automated tools miss, like overly balanced argument structure or a lack of genuine personal stake in the topic. It’s not purely a tool-vs-no-tool binary.