Tried a bunch of things randomly before I actually found what was causing it. Posting the full breakdown here in case anyone else runs into this.
The Most Common Cause: Fast Startup
This fixed it for me. Windows enables Fast Startup by default to make boot times shorter, but it can mess with the actual shutdown process by putting the kernel into a hibernate-like state instead of powering down properly.
To disable it:
- Control Panel > Hardware and Sound > Power Options
- Click Choose what the power buttons do
- Uncheck Turn on fast startup
- Click Save changes and restart
That alone was the fix for me.
If That Doesn’t Work: Wake Timers
Wake timers are scheduled events that can tell your PC to turn back on at a specific time. If one fires right after shutdown, the machine comes straight back up.
- Power Options > Change plan settings > Change advanced power settings
- Expand Sleep > Allow wake timers
- Set to Disable — do this for both On battery and Plugged in
Also worth checking Task Scheduler for any tasks with Wake the computer to run this task ticked under their Conditions tab.
Another Thing to Check: Stuck Windows Update
If there’s a pending update that keeps failing to install, Windows can end up in a loop — tries to apply it on shutdown, fails, rolls back, shuts down, and starts the whole thing again next time.
- Settings > Update and Security > Windows Update
- Look for anything stuck in a downloading or pending state
- Run the Windows Update Troubleshooter — Settings > Troubleshoot > Additional troubleshooters
Checking View update history will also show if anything has been failing repeatedly.
Third-Party Software
Some UPS management tools, backup apps, and hardware monitors install power management components that override Windows shutdown behavior. If you installed something new around the time this started, try disabling it temporarily.
Event Viewer > Windows Logs > System — look for Kernel-Power events or EventID 41 after an unexpected restart. Those logs often name whatever triggered it.
Hardware (Last Resort)
If nothing above works, check your BIOS for a setting called After AC Power Loss or Restore on AC Power — if set to Power On it can restart the machine after any power event including a normal shutdown. Also worth running Windows Memory Diagnostic to rule out RAM.